--- title: "Directory: rails, standards and regulators | Federated Banking™" description: "The public bodies, standards and payment systems that shape how money moves between organisations, providers and participants; each entry with an official source and the date it was checked." url: https://federatedbanking.com/directory/ lang: en-GB source: "Federated Banking" --- > The public bodies, standards and payment systems that shape how money moves between organisations, providers and participants; each entry with an official source and the date it was checked. 1. [Home](https://federatedbanking.com/) 2. Directory Directory # The rails, standards and rules your network runs on Rail and standard availability depends on configured financial providers and deployment jurisdiction. **Read before use** - Listing is not endorsement, ranking or partnership with Federated Banking™, and Federated Banking™ owns no payment rail. - Every entry comes from an official list or the body's own page, with the date it was checked. - No logos are shown. [The data as JSON](https://federatedbanking.com/directory/directory.json) From rules to rails ## From the rule-makers to the rails Pick a tier to see only its entries. 1. 1 **Regulators and standard setters** 24 2. 2 **Standards bodies** 7 3. 3 **Identity and credential bodies** 5 4. 4 **Payment networks and rails** 10 5. 5 **Sandboxes and innovation hubs** 8 ## The entries ## Regulators and standard setters 24 Legislator or executive ### European Commission Proposes EU law, including the AI Act, payment services and financial data access rules, and oversees their application. - European Union - Payments [commission.europa.eu (official website)](https://commission.europa.eu/) Source: [European Commission: home page](https://commission.europa.eu/), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### European Banking Authority EU banking authority that writes standards and guidelines under PSD2, including strong customer authentication and secure communication. - European Union - Payments - Open banking [eba.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.eba.europa.eu/) Source: [EBA: Payment services and electronic money](https://www.eba.europa.eu/regulation-and-policy/payment-services-and-electronic-money), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### European Central Bank Central bank of the euro area; supervises significant banks through ECB Banking Supervision and operates TARGET services. - European Union - Payments [bankingsupervision.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/) Source: [ECB Banking Supervision: Who we are](https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/about/thessm/html/index.en.html), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Financial Conduct Authority UK conduct regulator; authorises payment firms and applies existing rules, including the Consumer Duty, to firms' use of AI. - United Kingdom - Payments - Open banking [fca.org.uk (official website)](https://www.fca.org.uk/) Source: [FCA: AI and the FCA: our approach](https://www.fca.org.uk/firms/innovation/ai-approach), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Bank of England UK central bank; through the Prudential Regulation Authority it supervises banks, including their model risk management. - United Kingdom [bankofengland.co.uk (official website)](https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/) Source: [Bank of England: Prudential regulation](https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/prudential-regulation), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Payment Systems Regulator UK regulator of payment systems; sets the reimbursement requirement for authorised push payment scams. - United Kingdom - Payments [psr.org.uk (official website)](https://www.psr.org.uk/) Source: [PSR: APP scams](https://www.psr.org.uk/our-work/app-scams/), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System US central bank and bank supervisor; with the OCC and FDIC it issued SR 26-2, revised guidance on model risk management. - United States - Payments [federalreserve.gov (official website)](https://www.federalreserve.gov/) Source: [Federal Reserve: SR 26-2, Revised Guidance on Model Risk Management](https://www.federalreserve.gov/supervisionreg/srletters/SR2602.htm), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Office of the Comptroller of the Currency US charterer and supervisor of national banks and federal savings associations. - United States [occ.gov (official website)](https://www.occ.gov/) Source: [OCC: About](https://www.occ.gov/about/index-about.html), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Independent US agency that insures deposits and supervises and examines financial institutions. - United States [fdic.gov (official website)](https://www.fdic.gov/) Source: [FDIC: About](https://www.fdic.gov/about), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Consumer Financial Protection Bureau US consumer finance regulator; administers Regulation E and issued the personal financial data rights rule under Section 1033. - United States - Data rights - Payments [consumerfinance.gov (official website)](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/) Source: [CFPB: The CFPB](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/the-bureau/), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Monetary Authority of Singapore Singapore's central bank and financial regulator; published the FEAT principles for AI and data analytics in finance. - Singapore - Payments [mas.gov.sg (official website)](https://www.mas.gov.sg/) Source: [MAS: FEAT principles](https://www.mas.gov.sg/publications/monographs-or-information-paper/2018/feat), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Hong Kong Monetary Authority Hong Kong's central banking institution; runs the Open API framework for the banking sector. - Hong Kong - Open banking - Payments [hkma.gov.hk (official website)](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/) Source: [HKMA: Open API for the banking sector](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/open-application-programming-interface-api-for-the-banking-sector/), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Bank Negara Malaysia Malaysia's central bank and regulator of banks, insurers and payment system operators. - Malaysia - Payments [bnm.gov.my (official website)](https://www.bnm.gov.my/) Source: [Bank Negara Malaysia: home page](https://www.bnm.gov.my/), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Central Bank of the UAE UAE central bank; its Open Finance Regulation sets licensing and consent rules for data sharing and service initiation. - United Arab Emirates - Open banking - Payments [centralbank.ae (official website)](https://www.centralbank.ae/) Source: [CBUAE Rulebook: Open Finance Regulation](https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/open-finance-regulation), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Saudi Central Bank Saudi Arabia's central bank and regulator of banks, insurers and payment service providers. - Saudi Arabia - Payments [sama.gov.sa (official website)](https://www.sama.gov.sa/) Source: [Saudi Central Bank: home page](https://www.sama.gov.sa/en-US/Pages/default.aspx), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### ADGM Financial Services Regulatory Authority Financial services regulator of Abu Dhabi Global Market. - United Arab Emirates [adgm.com (official website)](https://www.adgm.com/financial-services-regulatory-authority) Source: [ADGM: Financial Services Regulatory Authority](https://www.adgm.com/financial-services-regulatory-authority), checked on 30 September 2026 Financial regulator or supervisor ### Dubai Financial Services Authority Independent regulator of financial services conducted in or from the Dubai International Financial Centre. - United Arab Emirates [dfsa.ae (official website)](https://www.dfsa.ae/) Source: [DFSA: home page (Wayback snapshot; the live site blocks scripted clients)](https://web.archive.org/web/20260922150945/https://www.dfsa.ae/), checked on 30 September 2026, [archived copy](https://web.archive.org/web/20260922/https://web.archive.org/web/20260922150945/https://www.dfsa.ae/) Data protection authority ### European Data Protection Board EU body that ensures consistent application of the GDPR, including rules on consent and automated decisions. - European Union - Data rights [edpb.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.edpb.europa.eu/) Source: [EDPB: The European Data Protection Board](https://www.edpb.europa.eu/about-edpb/the-european-data-protection-board_en), checked on 30 September 2026 Data protection authority ### Information Commissioner's Office UK data protection regulator, responsible for how personal data is used, including by AI systems. - United Kingdom - Data rights [ico.org.uk (official website)](https://ico.org.uk/) Source: [ICO: About the ICO](https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/), checked on 30 September 2026 International standard setter ### Bank for International Settlements Supports central banks' pursuit of monetary and financial stability; hosts the CPMI and the BIS Innovation Hub. - International - Payments [bis.org (official website)](https://www.bis.org/) Source: [BIS Innovation Hub: overview](https://www.bis.org/about/innovation-hub/overview), checked on 30 September 2026 International standard setter ### Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures Global standard setter for payment, clearing and settlement; co-author of the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures. - International - Payments Part of BIS [bis.org (official website)](https://www.bis.org/committees/cpmi/overview) Source: [BIS: Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures](https://www.bis.org/committees/cpmi/overview), checked on 30 September 2026 International standard setter ### Financial Stability Board Coordinates financial regulators internationally; has reported on the financial stability implications of AI. - International [fsb.org (official website)](https://www.fsb.org/) Source: [FSB: About the FSB](https://www.fsb.org/about/), checked on 30 September 2026 International standard setter ### International Organization of Securities Commissions Global body of securities regulators; consulted on the use of AI in capital markets and its risks. - International [iosco.org (official website)](https://www.iosco.org/) Source: [IOSCO: AI in capital markets, consultation report (Wayback snapshot of the PDF)](https://web.archive.org/web/20260301193701/https://www.iosco.org/library/pubdocs/pdf/IOSCOPD788.pdf), checked on 30 September 2026, [archived copy](https://web.archive.org/web/20260301/https://web.archive.org/web/20260301193701/https://www.iosco.org/library/pubdocs/pdf/IOSCOPD788.pdf) International standard setter ### Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Intergovernmental organisation; several jurisdictions use its definition of an AI system in their laws and guidance. - International [oecd.ai (official website)](https://oecd.ai/) Source: [OECD.AI: AI Principles overview](https://oecd.ai/en/ai-principles), checked on 30 September 2026 ## Standards bodies 7 Standards body ### Internet Engineering Task Force Develops internet standards, including OAuth 2.0, rich authorization requests, token exchange, DPoP and HTTP message signatures. - International - Identity [ietf.org (official website)](https://www.ietf.org/) Source: [IETF: Introduction](https://www.ietf.org/about/introduction/), checked on 30 September 2026 Standards body ### World Wide Web Consortium Develops web standards, including Verifiable Credentials, Decentralized Identifiers and Secure Payment Confirmation. - International - Identity - Payments [w3.org (official website)](https://www.w3.org/) Source: [W3C: About us](https://www.w3.org/about/), checked on 30 September 2026 Standards body ### National Institute of Standards and Technology US standards agency; publishes the AI Risk Management Framework and the SP 800-63 Digital Identity Guidelines. - United States - Identity [nist.gov (official website)](https://www.nist.gov/) Source: [NIST: AI Risk Management Framework](https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework), checked on 30 September 2026 Standards body ### International Organization for Standardization International standards body; publishes ISO/IEC 42001, a management system standard for AI. - International [iso.org (official website)](https://www.iso.org/) Source: [ISO/IEC 42001:2023 catalogue page (Wayback snapshot; the live page blocks scripted clients)](https://web.archive.org/web/20260730001017/https://www.iso.org/standard/81230.html), checked on 30 September 2026, [archived copy](https://web.archive.org/web/20260730/https://web.archive.org/web/20260730001017/https://www.iso.org/standard/81230.html) Standards body ### EMVCo Develops EMV specifications for card payments, including EMV 3-D Secure for card-not-present authentication. - International - Cards [emvco.com (official website)](https://www.emvco.com/) Source: [EMVCo: Overview of EMVCo (names its six member organisations)](https://www.emvco.com/about-us/overview-of-emvco/), checked on 30 September 2026 Standards body ### The Berlin Group Publishes the NextGenPSD2 API framework used for account access and payment initiation under PSD2. - European Union - Open banking [berlin-group.org (official website)](https://www.berlin-group.org/) Source: [Berlin Group: NextGenPSD2 downloads](https://www.berlin-group.org/nextgenpsd2-downloads), checked on 30 September 2026 Standards body ### Financial Data Exchange Standard setter for US consumer-permissioned data sharing; the CFPB approved its application to issue open banking standards. - United States - Open banking - Data rights [financialdataexchange.org (official website)](https://financialdataexchange.org/) Source: [CFPB: CFPB Approves Application from Financial Data Exchange to Issue Standards for Open Banking](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-approves-application-from-financial-data-exchange-to-issue-standards-for-open-banking/), checked on 30 September 2026 ## Identity and credential bodies 5 Identity or credential body ### OpenID Foundation Develops OpenID Connect, FAPI, CIBA and the OpenID for Verifiable Credentials specifications, and runs certification. - International - Identity - Open banking [openid.net (official website)](https://openid.net/) Source: [OpenID Foundation: Foundation](https://openid.net/foundation/), checked on 30 September 2026 Identity or credential body ### FIDO Alliance Develops standards for passwordless authentication, including passkeys. - International - Identity [fidoalliance.org (official website)](https://fidoalliance.org/) Source: [FIDO Alliance: Overview](https://fidoalliance.org/overview/), checked on 30 September 2026 Identity or credential body ### Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation Operates the Global LEI System and the verifiable LEI (vLEI) for organisational identity. - International - Identity [gleif.org (official website)](https://www.gleif.org/) Source: [GLEIF: This is GLEIF](https://www.gleif.org/en/about/this-is-gleif), checked on 30 September 2026 Identity or credential body ### EU Digital Identity Wallet European Commission programme for digital identity wallets and electronic attestations under the European Digital Identity Regulation. - European Union - Identity Part of European Commission [digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu (official website)](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eudi-regulation) Source: [European Commission: European Digital Identity (EUDI) Regulation](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eudi-regulation), checked on 30 September 2026 Identity or credential body ### UK digital verification services trust framework UK government framework of rules for organisations that provide digital identity and attribute checks. - United Kingdom - Identity [gov.uk (official website)](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-digital-verification-services-trust-framework) Source: [GOV.UK: UK digital verification services trust framework](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-digital-verification-services-trust-framework), checked on 30 September 2026 ## Payment networks and rails 10 Card network ### American Express Card network; one of the six member organisations of EMVCo. - International - Cards [americanexpress.com (official website)](https://www.americanexpress.com/) Source: [EMVCo: Overview of EMVCo (names its six member organisations)](https://www.emvco.com/about-us/overview-of-emvco/), checked on 30 September 2026 Card network ### Discover Card network; one of the six member organisations of EMVCo. - International - Cards [discover.com (official website)](https://www.discover.com/) Source: [EMVCo: Overview of EMVCo (names its six member organisations)](https://www.emvco.com/about-us/overview-of-emvco/), checked on 30 September 2026 Card network ### JCB Card network; one of the six member organisations of EMVCo. - International - Cards [global.jcb (official website)](https://www.global.jcb/en/) Source: [EMVCo: Overview of EMVCo (names its six member organisations)](https://www.emvco.com/about-us/overview-of-emvco/), checked on 30 September 2026 Card network ### UnionPay Card network; one of the six member organisations of EMVCo. - International - Cards [unionpayintl.com (official website)](https://www.unionpayintl.com/en/) Source: [EMVCo: Overview of EMVCo (names its six member organisations)](https://www.emvco.com/about-us/overview-of-emvco/), checked on 30 September 2026 Payment system ### T2 Eurosystem real-time gross settlement system for euro payments; its closing days set euro-area settlement dates. - European Union - Payments Part of ECB [ecb.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/target/t2/html/index.en.html) Source: [ECB: What is T2?](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/target/t2/html/index.en.html), checked on 30 September 2026 Payment system ### TARGET Instant Payment Settlement Eurosystem service that settles instant payments in central bank money, around the clock. - European Union - Payments - Instant payments Part of ECB [ecb.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/target/tips/html/index.en.html) Source: [ECB: What is TIPS?](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/target/tips/html/index.en.html), checked on 30 September 2026 Payment system ### FedNow Service Instant payment service offered through Federal Reserve Financial Services. - United States - Payments - Instant payments Part of Federal Reserve [frbservices.org (official website)](https://www.frbservices.org/financial-services/fednow-service/) Source: [Federal Reserve Financial Services: FedNow Service](https://www.frbservices.org/financial-services/fednow-service/), checked on 30 September 2026 Payment system ### Nacha Governs the rules of the US ACH network used for direct deposits and debits. - United States - Payments [nacha.org (official website)](https://www.nacha.org/) Source: [Nacha: home page](https://www.nacha.org/), checked on 30 September 2026 Payment system ### Faster Payment System (Hong Kong) Hong Kong's instant payment system, launched by the HKMA; banks and e-wallet operators can participate. - Hong Kong - Payments - Instant payments Part of HKMA [hkma.gov.hk (official website)](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/international-financial-centre/financial-market-infrastructure/faster-payment-system-fps/) Source: [HKMA: Faster Payment System (FPS)](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/international-financial-centre/financial-market-infrastructure/faster-payment-system-fps/), checked on 30 September 2026 Open banking infrastructure ### Open Banking Limited Maintains the UK Open Banking Standard, including the read/write API and variable recurring payments specifications. - United Kingdom - Open banking [openbanking.org.uk (official website)](https://www.openbanking.org.uk/) Source: [Open Banking Standards: API specifications](https://standards.openbanking.org.uk/api-specifications/), checked on 30 September 2026 ## Sandboxes and innovation hubs 8 Regulatory sandbox ### FCA Regulatory Sandbox Lets firms test products with real consumers under FCA oversight. - United Kingdom Part of FCA [fca.org.uk (official website)](https://www.fca.org.uk/firms/innovation/regulatory-sandbox) Source: [FCA: Regulatory Sandbox](https://www.fca.org.uk/firms/innovation/regulatory-sandbox), checked on 30 September 2026 Regulatory sandbox ### MAS FinTech Regulatory Sandbox Lets firms experiment with financial services in a defined space and time under MAS oversight. - Singapore Part of MAS [mas.gov.sg (official website)](https://www.mas.gov.sg/development/fintech/regulatory-sandbox) Source: [MAS: Overview of Regulatory Sandbox](https://www.mas.gov.sg/development/fintech/regulatory-sandbox), checked on 30 September 2026 Regulatory sandbox ### HKMA Fintech Supervisory Sandbox Lets banks and their partners run pilot trials of fintech initiatives with a limited number of customers. - Hong Kong Part of HKMA [hkma.gov.hk (official website)](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/fintech-supervisory-sandbox-fss/) Source: [HKMA: Fintech Supervisory Sandbox (FSS)](https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/fintech-supervisory-sandbox-fss/), checked on 30 September 2026 Regulatory sandbox ### BNM Regulatory Sandbox Bank Negara Malaysia's framework for testing innovative financial solutions in a live environment. - Malaysia Part of BNM [bnm.gov.my (official website)](https://www.bnm.gov.my/sandbox) Source: [Bank Negara Malaysia: Regulatory Sandbox](https://www.bnm.gov.my/sandbox), checked on 30 September 2026 Regulatory sandbox ### SAMA Regulatory Sandbox Saudi Central Bank framework that takes firms from application through operational readiness and testing to exit. - Saudi Arabia Part of SAMA [rulebook.sama.gov.sa (official website)](https://rulebook.sama.gov.sa/en/regulatory-sandbox-framework) Source: [SAMA Rulebook: Regulatory Sandbox Framework](https://rulebook.sama.gov.sa/en/regulatory-sandbox-framework), checked on 30 September 2026 Innovation hub or project ### Project Orchid MAS project exploring purpose-bound money: payments whose conditions of use are set in the money itself. - Singapore - Tokenisation - Payments Part of MAS [mas.gov.sg (official website)](https://www.mas.gov.sg/schemes-and-initiatives/project-orchid) Source: [MAS: Project Orchid](https://www.mas.gov.sg/schemes-and-initiatives/project-orchid), checked on 30 September 2026 Innovation hub or project ### BIS Innovation Hub The BIS's hub for technology projects run with central banks. - International - Tokenisation Part of BIS [bis.org (official website)](https://www.bis.org/about/innovation-hub/overview) Source: [BIS Innovation Hub: overview](https://www.bis.org/about/innovation-hub/overview), checked on 30 September 2026 Innovation hub or project ### Digital euro project Eurosystem work on a possible digital form of central bank money for the euro area. - European Union - Payments Part of ECB [ecb.europa.eu (official website)](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/digital_euro/html/index.en.html) Source: [ECB: Digital euro](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/digital_euro/html/index.en.html), checked on 30 September 2026 Correct or add ## Is a body missing or wrong? Every correction needs evidence: send a link to an official list or the body's own page. Full name Email Body or standard Request type What should change Official source link I agree to the [privacy notice](https://federatedbanking.com/privacy/). Send request